Nootropics with proven or purported benefits: Polygala tenuifolia (Yuan Zhi)— A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study of the extract of dried roots of Polygala tenuifolia in healthy adults produced memory-enhancing effects.[129] A similar trial with elderly humans also found significant cognitive improvement.[130] Bacopa monniera (Brahmi) — Shown to possess adaptogenic properties and enhance memory and concentration.[131] Folk use in Ayurvedic medicine purports "enhancement of curiosity"; Brahmi rasayana has been shown to improve learning and memory in mice[132] Clitoria ternatea (Shankhpushpi) — In traditional Ayurvedic medicine, it has been used for centuries as a memory enhancer, nootropic, antistress, anxiolytic, antidepressant, anticonvulsant, tranquilizing and sedative agent. Fipexide—drug for Dementia Piperic acid—allegedly a mild serotonergic, nootropic, antistress, anxiolytic, and allegedly has mild to moderate memory enhancing effects. Gerovital H3—famous alleged anti-aging mixture, most effects disproven but some mind enhancement shown Sulbutiamine—fat soluble vitamin B1 derivative—caused mice to perform better on operant conditioning tests[133] and object recognition tests[134] Royal Jelly—Increases brain cell growth and diversity, only demonstrated in-vitro, improbable in-vivo (it has been reported to stimulate the growth of glial cells[135] and neural stem cells in the brain.[136]) Curcumin—significant in-vitro activity, but in-vivo activity limited by low bioavailability unless accompanied by ingestion of piperine Other nootropics |
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